Research And Statistics: How Many People Have Type 1 Diabetes And Who Are They
Type 1 affects people of all ages. Here are some more facts and figures on type 1 diabetes:
- Type 1 diabetes affects at least 1.4 million adults ages 20 years or older or 5.2 percent of all adults who have been diagnosed with diabetes, according to the CDC.
- The agency also reports that at least 187,000 youth under age 20 have type 1 diabetes.
- Each year there is an estimated 64,000 new cases of type 1 diabetes in people under age 64 in the United States , according to a 2017 study published in BMC Medicine.
- Type 1 diabetes treatment can be very expensive. The average yearly cost spent on insulin by people with type 1 diabetes was $5,705 in 2016, according to Health Care Cost Institute.
Results In Relation To Other Studies
Continued monitoring of the prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among adults is particularly important because both have increased substantially over time among children and adolescents.2229 In the United States, the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study reported that between 2001 and 2009 the prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents increased from 1.48 to 1.93 per 1000 and from 0.34 to 0.46 per 1000, respectively.30 Moreover, among US children and adolescents during 2002-12 the annual incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes increased by 1.4% and 7.1%, respectively.31 It was projected that among US children and adolescents, the number of cases of type 1 diabetes would nearly triple, from 179388 in 2010 to 587488 in 2050 and the number of cases of type 2 diabetes would almost quadruple, from 22820 in 2010 to 84131 in 2050.32 As a result, cases of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in adults will substantially increase as the children and adolescents reach adulthood. Major risk factors for type 2 diabetes, including obesity, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diets are still problematic and without a notable declining trend.12 Although genetic disposition plays a critical part in type 1 diabetes, the potential role of environmental risk factors are increasingly recognized.1333
What Country Has The Most Type 1 Diabetics
According to research, type 1 diabetes is most common among non-Hispanic Caucasians, followed by African Americans and Hispanic Americans.
- The highest incidence rates are found in Finland and Italy and the lowest rates are found in South American countries, such as Venezuela and Brazil and Asian countries, such as China or Thailand.
- Caucasian people have type 1 diabetes more commonly than African American and Latino Americans.
- In the United States, Caucasians seem to be more susceptible to type 1 diabetes than African Americans and Hispanic Americans. Chinese and people in South America have a low risk of type 1 diabetes.
- Type 1 diabetes is comparatively uncommon among Asians. Certain countries, such as Finland and Sweden, have higher rates of type 1 diabetes.
- However internationally, rates of type 1 diabetes are increasing. In Europe, the Middle East and Australia, rates of type 1 diabetes are increasing by two to five percent per year.
- The prevalence of type 1 diabetes is the highest in Scandinavia and the lowest in China and Japan.
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Data Sources And Search Strategy
The databases of Medline via , Embase, Scopus, Web of Science from January 1980 to September 2019 were searched to locate English articles. Also, SID, Magiran, and Barakat databases were searched for Persian studies. The grey literature and ongoing studies were searched using the following: OpenGrey, Google Scholar and for thesis and dissertations ProQuest and studies presented at conferences were also searched. Also, experts and professionals on this subject were reached and their opinions were gathered for information on published and unpublished studies. The search was performed using MESH and free keywords. The keywords selected for the search were: type 1 diabetes, prevalence, and incidence with this search strategy: OR OR T1DM) OR Type 1 Diabetes) OR Autoimmune Diabetes) OR Juvenile Onset Diabetes) OR Juvenile-Onset Diabetes) OR Brittle Diabetes Mellitus) OR brittle diabetes) OR diabetes mellitus type 1) OR diabetes mellitus type I) OR diabetes type 1) OR diabetes type I) OR early onset diabetes mellitus) OR insulin dependent diabetes) OR juvenile diabetes) OR juvenile diabetes mellitus) OR type I diabetes) OR type I diabetes mellitus) OR Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus) OR Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus))) AND OR OR Prevalences))) OR OR OR Incidences))). The complete search strategy of Medline and Embase is in Supplementary file 1.
National Diabetes Statistics Report 2020
Data from this report can guide prevention and management efforts across the nation.
New diabetes cases have decreased over the last decade except in people younger than 20 years. And in adults, there is much room for improvement in preventing diabetes complications. Data from this report can help focus critical type 2 diabetes prevention and diabetes management efforts across the nation.
CDCs Division of Diabetes Translation has released the National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2020 pdf icon, which presents the state of the disease in the United States. The report provides the most recent scientific data on:
- New cases of diabetes
- Existing cases of diabetes
- Short- and long-term health complications
- Risk factors for health complications
- Death rate
- Costs
The National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2020 pdf icon analyzed health data through 2018, providing statistics across ages, races, ethnicities, education levels, and regions. Data from this report provide vital perspectives on the current status of diabetes and can help focus prevention and management efforts going forward. New in 2020, the report features trends in prevalence and incidence estimates over time.
Key findings include:
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How Can Diabetes Be Prevented And Managed
It is possible to control certain risk factors for type 2 diabetes, including making healthy lifestyle choices like eating well, exercising, and reaching/maintaining a healthy weight. For individuals with pre-diabetes, medication can also help prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.Footnote 4 Since the causes of type 1 diabetes are not all well understood, no measures are currently recommended to prevent this disease.
It is also possible to remain healthy with diabetes through appropriate management and care. Treatment plans and targets are based on each individual’s profile, but they all aim to avoid short-term risks of high or low blood sugar levels and to prevent or delay long-term complications. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and a healthy weight, together with medication to control blood sugar levels and vascular risk factors, are common cornerstones of diabetes management.Footnote 1
Bipoc And Type 1 Diabetes
Although type 1 diabetes is most prevalent in the United States among white people, Hispanic , non-Hispanic Asian and Pacific Islander , and Black children and youth saw the steepest annual percentage increases in cases between 2002 and 2015, according to the CDC.
Youth of the Black, Indigenous, and People of Color communities, particularly those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged, are more likely to have DKA at diagnosis, says Thomas. The authors of a 2018 study in Diabetes Care surmised that insurance access and parent education accounted for much of the difference.
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How Common Is Type 1 Diabetes
Well, its a lot less common than type 2. According to the American Diabetes Association, 1.6 million Americans have type 1 diabetes, including 187,000 children and adolescents. Type 1 diabetes makes up between 5 and 10% of total diabetes cases in the United States, while type 2 diabetes covers the other 90 to 95%.
Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed before the age of 40, although occasionally people have been diagnosed later after an illness causes an immune response that triggers it. In the US, most type 1 diabetes diagnoses occur in children between the ages of 4 and 14 years old.
How Is Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosed
Because the symptoms can develop rapidly, a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is usually made by a pediatrician or a physician in the emergency room. Pediatricians might check a childs glucose levels if there is unexplained weight loss or sudden bedwetting. Glucose tests are also commonly run when a person with type 1 diabetes symptoms arrives at the hospital.
Doctors can also diagnose type 1 diabetes by running several tests to check blood-sugar levels. The primary screening test for type 1 diabetes is the random blood-sugar test, which tells physicians the amount of glucose circulating in a persons blood at a specific moment in time. A blood-sugar level of 200 milligrams per deciliter suggests diabetes.
The secondary test is a glycated hemoglobin test, or A1C test. This test measures the average amount of glucose in a persons bloodstream over the past 90 days as a percentage.
A normal A1C level is between 5 and 5.5%, while anything higher than 5.7% indicates diabetes. When diabetes is controlled, a persons A1C levels will be low.
Its a useful test because you dont want to overreact, says Dr. Christofides. If someone has hyperglycemia for a week or a couple days, their A1C isnt going to rise. This gives us a good reflection of what the glucose level was for the past three months.
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Is Type 1 Diabetes An Autoimmune Disease
When type 1 diabetes is triggered by a virus, someone predisposed to autoimmune conditions may develop an autoimmune response. This means that their bodys immune system will start attacking its own cells. In type 1 diabetes, the body attacks the beta cells in the pancreas that are responsible for producing insulin.
How T1d Is Managed
Type 1 diabetes is a 24/7 disease that requires constant management. People with T1D continuously and carefully balance insulin intake with eating, exercise and other activities. They also measure blood-sugar levels through finger pricks, ideally at least six times a day, or by wearing a continuous glucose monitor.
Even with a strict regimen, people with T1D may still experience dangerously high or low blood-glucose levels that can, in extreme cases, be life threatening. Every person with T1D becomes actively involved in managing his or her disease.
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Signs And Symptoms Of Type 1 Diabetes
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes can develop rapidly, especially in young people, says Sanjoy Dutta, PhD, vice president of research for the type 1 diabetes research organization JDRF. The NIDDK lists the following symptoms:
- Excessive thirst
- Blurry vision
- Unexplained weight loss
Dr. Dutta says sometimes the weight loss is very precipitous. In some cases, it might even be 10 kilos of weight loss within two weeks.
The onset of type 1 diabetes can be difficult to detect in very young children, says Dr. Thomas. The signs of something wrong may be more subtle, such as more wet diapers or heavier diapers, bedwetting, and increased thirst.
Managing Type 1 Diabetes: Diet And Exercise
There is no one-size-fits-all diet or exercise plan for people with type 1 diabetes, according to the JDRFs UK branch. But a healthy lifestyle will help you keep your blood sugar in a healthy range. Be sure to speak with your doctor before embarking on any diet or exercise plan, to ensure you are making changes that are safe and appropriate for you.
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More People Than Ever Have Diabetes More People Than Ever Are At Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes If Nothing Changes We Predict That 55 Million People Will Have Diabetes In The Uk By 2030
Around 90% of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. Around 8% of people with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. About 2% of people with diabetes have rarer types of diabetes.
Were fighting for a world where diabetes can do no harm.
We do it by campaigning to make sure everyone with diabetes gets the care they need to live well with diabetes. We provide advice and support so people can get to grips with their condition. And our research increases what we know about diabetes, discovers new treatments and will, one day, find a cure.
Diabetes Statistics By Type
There are four types of diabetes:
- Type 1 diabetes: An autoimmune attack on pancreas cells stops them from creating insulin, so people with Type 1 need to take insulin shots every day. In most cases, Type 1 diabetes is diagnosed in children and teens, but it can manifest in adults as well.
- Type 2 diabetes: People with Type 2 can produce insulin, but their bodies resist it. When blood sugar is consistently high, the pancreas continuously pumps out insulin, and eventually, cells become overexposed. Type 2 is by far the most common type of diabetes and one that typically develops in adults however, the rate of Type 2 diabetes in children is increasing.
- Gestational diabetes: This type only occurs in pregnant women and typically goes away after childbirth however, half of women who have gestational diabetes will develop Type 2 diabetes later in life. Treatment includes a doctor-recommended exercise and meal plan. Sometimes daily blood glucose tests and insulin injections are necessary.
- Prediabetes: Prediabetes isnt technically diabetes. Its more like a precursor. A prediabetic persons blood glucose is consistently above average, but not high enough to warrant a full diabetes diagnosis. People with prediabetes can help prevent Type 2 diabetes by implementing a healthy diet, increased physical activity, and stress management.
Heres how prevalent each type of diabetes is:
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Faqs: Frequently Asked Questions
Why did type 1 diabetes used to be called juvenile diabetes?
Most people with type 1 diabetes are diagnosed as children, although in rare cases some are not diagnosed until they are adults.
Are type 1 diabetes symptoms in adults different than in children?
No, adults and children experience the same symptoms.
Is there a type 1 diabetes cure?
Type 1 diabetes can be managed with insulin, but there is no cure.
In type 1 diabetes vs type 2, is diet as important?
Even though diet and lifestyle changes cannot reverse type 1 diabetes, and they have the potential of reversing type 2, learning what, how much, and when to eat can still help you have the most effective type 1 diabetes diet to manage your condition.
What type of doctor is best for type 1 diabetes treatment?
Even though an ER doctor or your primary care physician will likely be the one to first diagnose your type 1 diabetes, an endocrinologist is the best doctor to help you learn how to monitor your blood sugar and manage your condition.
Prevalence Across Diabetes Types
Type 2 diabetes is, by far, the most prevalent form of diabetes.
In the UK, type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90% of all diabetes cases and type 1 diabetes accounts for approximately 10%.
The IDF reports that the proportion of people with type 2 diabetes is on the rise in most countries.
Whilst type 1 diabetes is less common, overall, than type 2 diabetes, the vast majority of children with diabetes will have type 1.
In 2015, more than 542,000 children in the world were living with type 1 diabetes.
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What Are The Symptoms Of Type 1 Diabetes
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes are serious and usually happen quickly, over a few days to weeks. Symptoms can include
- increased thirst and urination
- trouble breathing
- trouble paying attention or feeling confused
DKA is serious and dangerous. If you or your child have symptoms of DKA, contact your health care professional right away, or go to the nearest hospital emergency room.
What Cdc Is Doing
CDC is working to reverse the epidemic by helping to identify people with prediabetes, prevent type 2 diabetes and diabetes complications, and improve the health of all people with diabetes. Those efforts include:
Explore the Division of Diabetes Translation website to learn more about how CDC is translating science into practice to realize its vision: a world free of the devastation of diabetes.
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Is Type 1 Diabetes Genetic
If one family member has type 1 diabetes, other relatives have an increased chance of developing the condition. One study of more than 1,400 children with type 1 diabetes showed that 12% had a first-degree relative who also had type 1in other words, a parent or sibling.
The same study also showed that children with type 1 diabetes had a slightly higher chance of having a father diagnosed with type 1 rather than a mother, brother, or sister. In some cases, family members of people with type 1 diabetes also have a history of autoimmune conditions such as celiac disease or lupus.
Type 2 diabetes is caused by lifestyle and other factors, while type 1 is either genetic or acquired after the onset of an illness.
Prevalence And Incidence Of Type 1 Diabetes In The World
Prevalence and incidence of type 1 diabetes were extracted from meta-analysis studies. In type 1 diabetes incidence, the heterogeneity between studies in the meta-analysis was significant and in the prevalence of diabetes 1, the heterogeneity was significant too, . The incidence of type 1 diabetes in world was 15 per 100 000 population, which was statistically significant , and the prevalence of type 1 diabetes was 9.5 per 10 000 people, which was statistically significant . shows the forest plot of prevalence and incidence of type 1 diabetes in the world.
Prevalence of type 1 diabetes in the world.
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