How Common Is Type 2 Diabetes

Conditions Linked With Type 2 Diabetes

There are a number of conditions that are not necessarily a direct cause but are closely linked with type 2 diabetes.

Conditions closely linked with type 2 diabetes include:

• Alzheimers disease as noted above, this has been referred to as type 3 diabetes by some researchers
• Polycystic ovary syndrome a condition which can impact on fertility in women
• Cushings Syndrome a condition characterised by excess production of the hormone cortisol
• Pancreatic cancer has been linked with type 2 diabetes with some debate as to which condition may influence the other

Signs And Symptoms Of Type 2 Diabetes

The symptoms of type 2 diabetes can be so mild that you don’t notice them. About 8 million people who have it don’t know it. Symptoms include:

• Being very thirsty
• Weight loss without trying
• Getting more infections

If you have dark rashes around your neck or armpits, see your doctor. These are called acanthosis nigricans, and they can be signs that your body is becoming resistant to insulin.

From Starvation To Obesity And Diabetes

Most of human time on earth has been marked by hunger and plague. Infections and malnutrition were the main causes of disease and death globally until the early 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, the agricultural community began to be gradually dismantled and instead industrialization began.

Industrialization brought many technological inventions and improvements that automated and streamlined human everyday life. Mmass production of cars began in 1910. Cars allowed long journeys, reduced the need to walk or ride a bicycle and made work and everyday life more passive. The inaction caused human energy consumption to decline at the beginning of the 20th century.

But it was not only transport that was streamlined. In the early 20th century, food habits and food availability changed. Food making became more efficient and, in addition, food could be distributed faster. This allowed more people to eat larger portions of food. In addition, it started with processed foods, soft drinks, trans fats and other unhealthy fats, as well as an abundance of fast carbohydrates.

The beginning of the 20th century is therefore characterized by the following:

• Man is becoming less physically active sedentary increases dramatically.
• More people eat large portions of food.
• The food contains several useless substances, such as trans fats and processed foods.
• Soft drinks and other sugar-containing beverages become very common everyday. common.
• High blood pressure became common.

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Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatments And Support

With Ilana Halperin MD and Elena Christofides MD

Learning you or your child has type 1 diabetes means taking an active role in health 24/7. Luckily, there are more low-key ways to track blood sugar and administer insulin than ever. From glucose monitoring to meal planning, were here to empower you with clear answers to all your pressing questions.

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How Many Canadians Live With Diabetes

According to the most recent data , about 3.0 million Canadians were living with diagnosed diabetes in 20132014, representing 1 in 300 children and youth , and 1 in 10 adults . The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes generally increases with age and is higher among males than among females , both overall and in most age groups .

Figure 1: Prevalence of diagnosed diabetes , by age group and sex, Canada, 20132014

Note: The 95% confidence interval shows an estimated range of values which is likely to include the true value 19 times out of 20.Data source: Public Health Agency of Canada, using Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System data files contributed by provinces and territories, May 2017.

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Prevalence In Children And Young Adults

Type 2 diabetes used to be prevalent only in adults and was once called adult-onset diabetes. Now that its becoming more common in children, its simply called type 2 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes is more common in children and young adults, and its believed to be caused by an autoimmune reaction. However, type 2 diabetes is rising in incidence, attributed in part to poor lifestyle habits.

According to the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study, 5,300 people from ages 10 to 19 were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 2011 and 2012.

A 2012 study published in the ADA Journal Diabetes Care considered the potential future number of diabetes cases in people under the age of 20. The study found that, at current rates, the number of people under the age of 20 with type 2 diabetes could increase by up to 49 percent by 2050. If the rates of incidence increase, the number of type 2 cases in youth could quadruple.

Type 2 diabetes may result from a culmination of health issues and an unhealthy lifestyle. Specific factors can increase your personal risk, but an unhealthy lifestyle is the broader issue in many cases.

/5how To Manage Diabetes

Polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia are three general symptoms of diabetes that are often witnessed together in this condition. However, there are other conditions as well in which a person may experience these signs. To confirm consult your doctor. Depending on the severity of your condition the doctor may prescribe you drugs or insulin shots. Along with that, you will be required to make some necessary lifestyle changes to manage your blood sugar levels. Remember that unmanaged diabetes can damage your organs over time and may turn fatal.

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Is Type 2 Diabetes Increasing

Type 2 diabetes is increasing at an epidemic rate, and is being diagnosed at younger and younger ages. The most likely reason for this increase is that individuals with a genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes are developing the disease due to lifestyle changes namely less physical activity, weight gain, and longer life span.

The good news is that scientific research confirms that by eating healthy foods, exercising regularly and maintaining an ideal body weight, you can delay or prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes.

The Most Common Signs Of Kind 2 Diabetes Mellitus Include:

• extreme thirst
• frequent or increased urination, especially during the night
• too much cravings
• blurred vision
• sores or cuts that will not heal

If you experience any of these signs on a regular basis, talk to your doctor. They might advise that you be evaluated for diabetic issues, which is carried out with a basic blood draw. Regular diabetic issues screening normally starts at age 45.

Nevertheless, it may start earlier if you are:

• obese
• influenced by high blood pressure, now or when you were pregnant
• from a family with a background of type 2 diabetic issues
• from an ethnic background that has a greater danger of kind 2 diabetes
• at greater risk due to high blood pressure, reduced good cholesterol degrees, or high triglyceride degrees

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Symptoms Of Type 1 And Type 2

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes share common symptoms. They are:

• going to the toilet a lot, especially at night
• being really thirsty
• feeling more tired than usual
• losing weight without trying to
• genital itching or thrush
• cuts and wounds take longer to heal
• blurred vision.

But where type 1 and type 2 diabetes are different in symptom is how they appear. Type 1 can often appear quite quickly. That makes them harder to ignore. This is important because symptoms that are ignored can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis .

But type 2 diabetes can be easier to miss. This is because it develops more slowly, especially in the early stages. That makes it harder to spot the symptoms. That is why it is important to know your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Some people have diabetes and dont know it. They can have it for up to 10 years without knowing.

Which Type Of Diabetes Do I Have

In some cases, it may not be clear which type of diabetes you have. If your doctor cannot be sure which type of diabetes you have, they may run one or more tests to help determine your diabetes type

Learn about the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes

There are a number of different types of diabetes. In this video we look at 5 of the most common types of diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes amongst adults about 85% of people with diabetes in the UK have type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is the second most common approximately 15% of people with diabetes in the UK have type 1. There are also other less common types of diabetes including gestational diabetes, LADA and MODY.

The risk of type 2 diabetes increases with age, meaning that most people who develop type 2 diabetes are usually middle aged or older. However, type 2 diabetes can develop earlier in adulthood or even childhood. Diabetes UK reports that obesity accounts for over 80% of the overall risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.

Other risk factors include having a close family member with type 2 diabetes, being of African/Caribbea, South Asian or Middle Eastern descent, or having high blood pressure and/or cholesterol. Type 2 diabetes can be treated with diet and exercise alone, or with tablets, insulin or other injectable medication.

The symptoms of type 2 diabetes come on slowly and may take months or years to appear.

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Industry Influence On Research

In 2015, the New York Times published an article on the , a nonprofit founded in 2014 that advocated for people to focus on increasing exercise rather than reducing calorie intake to avoid obesity and to be healthy. The organization was founded with at least $1.5M in funding from the , and the company has provided $4M in research funding to the two founding scientists Gregory A. Hand and since 2008.

Symptoms Of Type 2 Diabetes

The classic symptoms of diabetes are the following:

• fatigue
• unusual thirst and
• unexplained weight loss.

In type 1 diabetes, the symptoms usually progress quickly and are often dramatic. In type 2 diabetes, symptoms are slower to progress. However, it is important to note that many people who have type 2 diabetes may have no symptoms. These people may find out they have type 2 diabetes when they go to the doctor for another, unrelated problem.

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What Are The Symptoms Of Type 2 Diabetes

Symptoms of Type 2 diabetes tend to develop slowly over time. They can include:

• Urinary tract infections and bladder infections.

Rarely, Type 2 diabetes leads to a condition called diabetic ketoacidosis . DKA is a life-threatening condition that causes your blood to become acidic. People with Type 1 diabetes are more likely to have DKA.

The Insulin Resistance Syndrome

Individuals with type 2 diabetes are more likely to be diagnosed with other medical problems such as atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia. Insulin resistance is thought to worsen and possibly directly cause these problems. The optimal medical care of type 2 diabetes includes not only controlling the blood glucose but also treating high blood pressure, high cholesterol or triglycerides, reducing excess weight and staying physically fit.

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Whats The Difference Between Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes

Think of insulin as a key that unlocks your cells, says Ilana Halperin MD, assistant professor of medicine at the University of Toronto. In type 1 diabetes, there is simply no key. There is a total absence of insulin coming from the cells in the pancreas, she says. Essentially, the body destroys the cells in the pancreas that are responsible for making insulin.

In type 2 diabetes, you have a rusty key that cant open the lock as well. In this form, a person develops an insulin resistance, so that insulin doesn’t perform correctly in their body.

Preeclampsia And Gestational Hypertension

A population-based, retrospective cohort study of 1,010,068 pregnant women examined the association between preeclampsia and gestational hypertension during pregnancy and the risk of developing diabetes post partum. Results showed the incidence rate of diabetes per 1000 person-years was 6.47 for women with preeclampsia and 5.26 for those with gestational hypertension, compared with 2.81 in women with neither condition. Risk was further elevated in women with preeclampsia or gesntational hypertension comorbid with gestational diabetes.

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Slow Healing Of Cuts And Wounds:

The healing process requires intact blood circulation to work out correctly. The platelets in your blood are designed to heal your wounds, and they do that in combination with a variety of clotting factors in your blood. We already mentioned that blood circulation is affected by type 2 diabetes.

Even when your glucose levels go back to normal, it is difficult to fix circulation problems, especially in your lower extremities. Thus, there are not enough platelets and clotting factors around to heal your cuts and wounds. They stay open and tend to bleed for a longer time than usual.

It is also possible to develop ulcers in a later stage of the disease. They are open wounds that stop bleeding but do not heal entirely.

Type 1 Vs Type 2 Diabetes: Whats The Difference

Type 2 diabetes is not the same as Type 1 diabetes. In Type 1 diabetes, your pancreas doesnt make any insulin. In Type 2, your pancreas doesnt make enough insulin, and the insulin it is making doesnt always work as it should. Both types are forms of diabetes mellitus, meaning they lead to hyperglycemia .

Type 2 diabetes usually affects older adults, though its becoming more common in children. Type 1 diabetes usually develops in children or young adults, but people of any age can get it.

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More Severe Symptoms Of Untreated Type 1 Diabetes

• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Vomiting

When type 1 diabetes goes untreated, it can lead to organ failure, coma, and even death. This happens because the body can no longer turn glucose into fuel, and it starts burning fat, which then produces ketones in the blood and urine.

A small amount of ketones aren’t dangerous and can usually be detected if a person has been fasting or is on a low-carbohydrate diet. But too many ketones can actually change the bloods acidity and result in a life-threatening condition called diabetic ketoacidosis.

If you have one or more of these symptoms contact your doctor.

Symptoms of type1 diabetes tend to look different in children than adults, according to Dr. Christofides.

Type 1 And Type 2 Differences

Below is a guide to some of the main differences between type 1 and type 2.

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Development Of Type 2 Diabetes

The development of type 2 diabetes is thought to be a progression from normal blood sugars to pre-diabetes to a diagnosis of overt diabetes. These stages are defined by blood sugar levels.

The timeline to developing an elevated blood sugar depends on many environmental factors and also on how strong the gene traits are for diabetes. Ultimately, pre-diabetes and diabetes occur when the pancreas cannot make enough insulin to overcome the insulin resistance. Historically pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes has been diagnosed when individuals are older however, because of a wide-spread epidemic of obesity which causes insulin resistance, the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is occurring more frequently at younger and younger ages.

People born with the genetic traits for diabetes are considered to be pre-disposed. Genetically predisposed people may have normal blood sugar levels, but many will have other markers of insulin resistance such, as elevated triglycerides and hypertension. When environmental factors are introduced, such as weight gain, lack of physical activity, or pregnancy, they are likely to develop diabetes.

Some individuals with other types of diabetes may be misdiagnosed as having type 2 diabetes. Up to 10% of individuals who are initially diagnosed with type 2 diabetes may actually have an adult onset of type 1 diabetes also known as LADA or Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults.

Type 2 Diabetes Prevention

Adopting a healthy lifestyle can help you lower your risk of diabetes.

• Lose weight. Dropping just 7% to 10% of your weight can cut your risk of type 2 diabetes in half.
• Get active. Thirty minutes of brisk walking a day will cut your risk by almost a third.
• Eat right. Avoid highly processed carbs, sugary drinks, and trans and saturated fats. Limit red and processed meats.
• Quit smoking. Work with your doctor to keep from gaining weight after you quit, so you don’t create one problem by solving another.

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